DOMINOES Glossary

Performative invocation of fact and reason, even when the truthfulness of these ‘facts’ is irrelevant

A type of online disinformation (1), with (2) misleading and/or false statements that may or may not be associated with real events, (3) intentionally created to mislead and/or manipulate a public (4) specific or imagined, (5) through the appearance of a news format with an opportunistic structure (title, image, content) to attract the reader’s attention, in order to obtain more clicks and shares and, therefore, greater advertising revenue and/or ideological gain. The term “fake news” is often seen as inadequate and imprecise, while the concept of “disinformation” offers a broader perspective for the phenomenon

Mechanism which allows fake news narratives to interact with pre-existing beliefs, identities and priorities of those exposed to the message, e.g. their own personal narratives

Use of words, images, phrases, and presentation style to present information, in order to influence an individual’s understanding of a given situation

This right shall include freedom to hold opinions and to receive and impart information and ideas without interference by public authority and regardless of frontiers (EU Charter of Fundamental Rights)

(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This right includes freedom to change religion or belief and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or in private, to manifest religion or belief, in worship, teaching, practice and observance. (2) The right to conscientious objection is recognised, in accordance with the national laws governing the exercise of this right (EU Charter of Fundamental Rights)

Everyone is free to conduct a business in accordance with Community law and national laws and practices is recognised (EU Charter of Fundamental Rights)

A European Union law that was implemented May 25, 2018, and requires organizations to safeguard personal data and uphold the privacy rights of anyone in EU territory. The regulation includes seven principles of data protection that must be implemented and eight privacy rights that must be facilitated. It also empowers member state-level data protection authorities to enforce the GDPR with sanctions and fines. The GDPR replaced the 1995 Data Protection Directive, which created a country-by-country patchwork of data protection laws. The GDPR, passed in European Parliament by overwhelming majority, unifies the EU under a single data protection regime

Rhetorical strategy in which the author or speaker careens through different topics and rattles through half-truths, with an intention to both to overwhelm opponents’ ability to respond and to introduce doubt into the minds of audiences

Content which is not necessarily illegal but potentially harmful, such as fake news or content that is harmful for minors